Cover
Vol. 16 No. 2 (2025)

Published: December 15, 2025

Pages: 36-41

Research Paper

Assessment of Flow Velocity and Its Effects on and Network Efficiency by WaterGEMS and GIS Case Study of Ramadi City

Qanat H. Abdul - Hadi 1 Khamis N. Sayl Ammar A. Ali
1Dams and Water Resources Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Anbar, Ramadi, Iraq
History
  • Received: April 17, 2025
  • Revised: July 24, 2025
  • Accepted: September 18, 2025
  • Available Online: December 15, 2025
DOI

https://doi.org/10.37649/AJES-25-012

Abstract

The flow rate of water in a pipeline system significantly affects hydraulic efficiency, water quality, and infrastructure durability. This study examines flow velocity distribution in the water distribution network of Ramadi City, Iraq, using advanced modeling techniques with WaterGEMS and GIS. The field data was analyzed to identify areas with low flow velocities, which can cause sediment buildup and bacterial growth. Our findings show that about 28.57% of the network has velocities below $0.5\text{ m/s},$ indicating limited connections and higher pressure in these pipelines. Meanwhile, 48.98% of the network operates within the optimal range of 0.5 to $2.0\text{ m/s},$ while 22.45% exceeds $2.0\text{ m/s},$ which can lead to pressure loss and pipe deterioration. Low average daily demand results in moderate flow speeds in some pipelines, increasing the risk of stagnation and negatively impacting water quality. Maintaining adequate flow rates is crucial for protecting water quality and ensuring efficient operations. This study highlights how integrating GIS with WaterGEMS can improve the assessment of water distribution infrastructure issues.

Keywords

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