Obesity is the excess of body weight relative to height above the desired level as a result of excessive increase in the ratio of body fat mass to lean mass. It causes many health problems due to its negative effects on body systems (cardiovascular system, musculoskeletal system, gastrointestinal system, respiratory system, skin, endocrine system, genitourinary system) and psychosocial status. In this study is aimed to effective detection of the eating and physical condition-based obesity stages using machine learning algorithms. The dataset contains data for the estimation of obesity stages in individuals from Mexico, Peru, and Colombia and is available as open source. There are 2111 records and 17 attributes in the dataset. In the records, obesity stages were categorized as insufficient weight, normal weight, overweight level I, overweight level II, obesity type I, obesity type II and obesity type III. The 10-fold cross-validation method was used to validate the model and the performances of the Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) classification algorithms were compared. It has been determined that the highest performance among the algorithms whose performances are compared belongs to the RF Algorithm (95.78%). This paper’s abstract has been presented at the International Conference on Computational Mathematics and Engineering Sciences held in Ordu (Turkey), / 20-22 May. 2022.
In this research a simply supported beam is used as a master structure with unknown number of attachments (fuzzy substructure) which is modeled as a system of 1-DOF attachments. Two types of attachments models were studied, namely 1-DOF mass attachment model and 1-DOF mass-spring attachment model. It is shown that the effect of attachments on the master structure natural frequencies when modeled as (mass-spring substructure) is larger than that when modeled as (mass substructure) for the same attachment mass. Engineering Statistics and normal distribution were used to find the values of the attachments to be added to the simply supported beam to improve the dynamical properties of the master structure and to find the best distribution of the attachment. The results also show that the distribution of the additional substructure can produce a great change in the natural frequencies so that the proposed statistical approach can be used to find the best distribution of attachments and number, value and location of the additional substructure .
In this study, thermal-hydraulic performance of a confined slot jet impingement with Al2O3-water nanofluid has been numerically investigated over Reynolds number ranges of 100-1000. Two triangular ribs are mounted at a heated target wall; one rib located on the right side of the stagnation point and another one located on left side of the stagnation point. The governing momentum, continuity and energy equations in the body-fitted coordinates terms are solved using the finite volume method and determined iteratively based on SIMPLE algorithm. In this study, effects of Reynolds number, rib height and rib location on the thermal and flow characteristics have been displayed and discussed. Numerical results show an increase in the average Nusselt number and pressure drop when Reynolds number and rib height increases. In addition, the pressure drop and average Nusselt number increases with decrease the space between the stagnation point and rib. The maximum enhancement of the average Nusselt number is up to 39 % at Reynolds number of 1000, the rib height of 0.3, rib location of 2 and nanoparticles volume fraction of 4%. The best thermal-hydraulic performance of the impinging jet can be obtained when the rib height of 0.2 and rib location of 2 from the stagnation point with 4% nanoparticles volume fraction.
This article presents a numerical study on forced convection of nanofluid flow in a two-dimensional channel with trapezoidal baffles. One baffle mounted on the top wall of channel and another mounted on the bottom wall of channel. The governing continuity, momentum and energy equations in body-fitted coordinates are iteratively solved using finite volume method and SIMPLE technique. In the current study, SiO2-water nanofluid with nanoparticles volume fraction range of 0- 0.04 and nanoparticles diameters of 30 nm is considered for Reynolds number ranging from 100 to 1000. The effect of baffles height and location, nanopar-ticles volume fraction and Reynolds number on the flow and thermal fields are investigated. It is found that the average Nusselt number as well as thermal hydraulic performance increases with increasing nanopartiles volume fraction and baffle height but accompanied by increases the pressure drop. The results also show that the best thermal- hydraulic performance is obtained at baffle height of 0.3 mm, locations of baffles at upper and lower walls of 10 and 15 mm, respectively, and nanoparticles volume fraction of 0.04 over the ranges of Reynolds number.
This paper deals with a numerical investigation of natural convection of heat transfer in a horizontal eccentric annulus between a square outer enclosure and a heated circular inner cylinder. The governing equations are expressed by the term of the stream function-vorticity with dimensionless temperature. The body fitted coordinate system (BFC) was used to stretch over the physical domain of the presented problem. The Poission's equation of stream function is solved by successive over relaxation (SOR) method, while time marching technique was the best choice to solve both vorticity and energy equation.The results are presented for the streamlines and isotherms as well as the average Nusselt number at different eccentricities and angular positions. Comparison with previous theoretical results shows good agreement.
Cosmetic surgery is more prevalent in the world in recent years. A beautiful and flawless face is everyone's dream. Aging, environmental factors, disease, or poor diet are among the factors that influence body wrinkles. Various methods are used to reduce these lines. It can be said that the simplest and most effective solution is to inject cosmetic fluids into these areas. But, due to the increase in facial injections using cosmetic fluids, which are considered toxins, the risk of injury to the surrounding facial nerves and injury to one of the main facial nerves is increasing, creating a catastrophe or deformation in the face irreversibly. Deep learning algorithms have been used to determine whether cosmetic fluids are injected or not. Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), VGG16, ResNet....etc deep learning algorithms have demonstrated excellent performance in terms of object detection, picture classification, and semantic segmentation. all the suggested approach consists of three stages: feature extraction, training, and testing/validation. Deep learning technology is used to train and test the system with before and after photographs. Numerous investigations have been carried out using various deep learning algorithms and databases the main goal is to attain maximum accuracy to ensure that injected cosmetic fluids by specialists have been injected in safe areas in addition to facial recognition and determining whether or not the person received an injection. The most used databases are IIITD plastic surgery and HDA_Plastic surgery.
Numerical solutions are presented for mixed convection from an array of circular cylinders embed in a saturated porous medium. The cylinders are at constant temperature(isothermal) and arranged in a staggered tube bank. Both aiding and opposing flow conditions are considered. Numerical calculations using finite difference method with body-fitted coordinates have covered a wide range of governing parameters(i.e.,10 ،ـ Re ،ـ 100, 0 ،ـ Gr ،ـ 400 and Pr = 0.7). Results are presented for streamline, isotherms and the local and the average Nusselt number at different values of the governing parameters. The present results are compared with previous theoretical results and show good agreement
In this paper, turbulent convective heat transfer in a triangular-ribbed chan-nel has been numerically investigated. SiO2-water with nanoparticles volume fraction of 4% and nanoparticles diameters of 30 nm is employed with Reyn-olds number ranging from 2000 to 8000. The governing continuity, momen-tum and energy equations in addition to low Reynolds number k-ε model have been transformed into body-fitted coordinates system and then solved using finite volume method. The effects of Reynolds number and rib heights on Nusselt number, pressure drop, thermal-hydraulic performance factor and entropy generation are presented and discussed. It is observed that the Nusselt number, pressure drop and thermal performance increase with in-creasing of Reynolds number and rib height. In addition, the highest perfor-mance factor can be obtained at Reynolds number of 6500 and rib height of 1.5 mm.
A numerical investigation of mixed convection from a horizontal cylinder in a saturated porous medium is presented. The governing equations based on Darcy’s law are expressed in a body- fitted coordinate system and solved numerically by explicit method. The direction of the flow varies between the vertically up ward(assisting flow) and vertically downward(opposing flow). Results are presented for Reynolds number Re from 10 to 100 with Grashof numbers up to Gr =5Re. The Prandtl number was kept at a constant value of 0.7. results are presented for the streamlines and isotherms as well as the local and average Nusselt number at different values of governing parameters. Comparison with previous theoretical results show good agreement.
In geotechnical engineering, considered the seepage of water that occur through the soil medium is one of the important problems that must be accurately studied; therefor, knowledge of influencing factors on the value of seepage for the soil is a necessary when designing an earth dam. In this study seepage through Al-Wand dam was analyze by using SEEP/W model. It is a sub- program of Geo- Studio where it used to determine amount of seepage through the body of the dam and study the effect of the change of thickness of core and effect of construction without filter in amount of leakage. The results were that the quantity of leakage was small effected when reducing the thickness of core and when construct the Al-Wand dam without filter at different level of water in upstream.